Just went through quite an effort to get an Ethernet adapter (USB-C to Ethernet) running on my MacBook (M1 Sonoma). The issue: The MacBook was generating ICMP messages Destination unreachable (Port unreachable) for each OSx and VLP packet:
The solution turned out to be a Firewall setting (Settings->Network->Firewall->Options) “Enable Stealth Mode”
Unfortunately, I can’t provide a recommended adapter since the model I purchased twice (from a “major online retailer”) changed Ethernet chipsets for the same part number–and the new chipset does not response at all on the network.
If this setting helps your MacBook ethernet adapter (or maybe something else works), add the part number for the USB to Ethernet adapter that works for your computer.